Dunning Kruger Effect In Skydiving

If you’ve been in the sport long enough, you’ll have seen it – or maybe even been there yourself: the jumper with 300 jumps who believes they’ve got it all figured out. They start organising big-ways, canopy coaching, or leading tracking dives with more confidence than caution. And worse – they’re often listened to.

This, my friends, is the Dunning-Kruger Effect at work. I know this from first hand experience. I was sat looking through old photos and videos from the early 2000s and found videos of myself leading tracking dives in the USA, Happy to report the dives all went without incident, luck not judgement, however I looked at a 20 something version of me, looking all in charge and knowledgeable but I know looking at that guy, I had very little idea of what I was doing.

The Dunning-Kruger Effect is a well-documented cognitive bias where people with low ability or experience in a domain overestimate their own competence. Essentially, you don’t know what you don’t know Bradley twins quote – and that ignorance can be dangerously blinding.

In skydiving, where risk is ever-present and experience is earned this bias doesn’t just lead to awkward moments or bruised egos. It leads to bad decisions. It leads to injuries. It leads to fatalities.

It’s natural to feel a surge of confidence once the basics click – when you’ve nailed a few jumps, got your FS in order  or your freefly feels “stable”, maybe landed a couple of nice landings. At that stage, you’re no longer the scared newbie. But here’s the trap: confidence increases far quicker than competence. You’ve got just enough knowledge to think you’re in control – but not enough to recognise how much you’re still missing.

When newer jumpers start coaching or organising without sufficient depth of knowledge, they put others at risk. Organising a jump isn’t about having a good idea or being popular on the DZ. It’s about understanding airspace, fall rates, group dynamics, emergency procedures, terrain considerations, break-off planning, canopy patterns – and how all of those change depending on who’s on the jump.

And coaching? Coaching isn’t just about “telling someone what worked for you.” It’s about understanding human learning, biomechanics, skydiving-specific psychology, and error management. That’s why real coaching certifications exist – and why being a good flyer doesn’t make you a good coach.

We now live in a world where a 500-jump skydiver can have thousands of followers on social media. Likes and views can give the illusion of credibility. And for lower-experience skydivers looking for inspiration or guidance, that illusion can be dangerously convincing. I often muse at the groovy kids in all the new gear socks pulled up and stickers all over. They look the part, until you see them fly.

Ego creeps in quietly. You start believing your own hype. You get asked to lead dives. You start “coaching” on skills you haven’t mastered. Before long, you’ve created a platform on which you’re teaching – but without the foundation of true knowledge or experience. And then one day, something goes wrong.

And it always does.

 The most experienced instructors, organisers and examiners I’ve worked with all share one trait: humility. They know that skydiving doesn’t care about how good you think you are. They remember their close calls. They ask questions. They seek feedback. They surround themselves with peers who hold them accountable.

They also know that coaching and organising aren’t just about being good at flying – they’re about responsibility. You’re taking lives into your hands, quite literally. That’s not something to take lightly.

 If you’re a newer coach or organiser, here’s what I’d encourage: 

1               Stay Curious – The more you learn, the more you’ll realise how much you don’t know. That’s a good thing. Let it humble you.

2               Get Mentored – Find experienced instructors or organisers you trust and ask to shadow them. Don’t just copy what they do – understand why they do it.

3               Seek Qualifications, Not Clout – If you want to coach, get certified. If you want to organise, start small and grow under supervision. British Skydiving has clear progression paths for a reason. As do many other assosiations around the world

4               Own Your Limits – It’s okay to say “I’m not experienced enough to run that dive.” That kind of honesty earns a heap of respect.

5               Don’t Confuse Flying Skills with Coaching Ability – Just because you can do it doesn’t mean you can teach it.

6               Ask yourself realistically - Can you do it >?  - can you competently do what you are trying to coach or organise. You have to be very humble here

7               Analyse yourself to the deepest state you can  - AM I really adding value or am I just repeating golden nuggets I have heard others say

If you’re a dropzone operator Chief Instructor or S&TA:

1               Consider who is setting up events

2               Question their authenticity

3               Limited numbers

4               Get involved as a participant

5               Guide and encourage those motivated pups to keep them on the right track

Final Thoughts

The Dunning-Kruger Effect isn’t a character flaw – it’s a normal part of human psychology. We all go through it. But in skydiving, failing to recognise it can cost lives. Don’t let confidence outpace competence. Stay grounded. Stay curious. Surround yourself with people who will challenge you, not just cheer you on.

We’re not just here to have fun – we’re here to keep each other alive. That starts with awareness, humility, and a commitment to doing things the right way – even when no one’s watching.

Blue skies – and respect the learning curve.

Paul Dorward

British Skydiving Examiner | Advanced Instructor | Flight-1 Director of Sport